Ep.178: Sheep and Goats.

Hello, I’m Daniel Westfall on the channel “Pray With Me”.

In Matthew’s gospel, the last story Jesus told before his betrayal and crucifixion was a story about sheep and goats. 

For this story, Jesus didn’t use one of his standard story introductions, such as “Here’s what the kingdom of heaven is like. . . “ or “A man was travelling to Jerusalem. . .”  Instead, he began it like a prophecy of future events, saying, “When the Son of Man comes in glory, he will sit on his throne and all the nations will gather before him” (Mat. 25:31). 

The story is about judgement day and Jesus is the judge. He separates everyone into one of two groups, sheep or goats. Then he says to the sheep:
    Come, share my kingdom with me.
    For I was hungry and you fed me,
      I was thirsty and you gave me water,
    I was a stranger and you welcomed me,
      I was naked and you clothed me,
    I was sick and you took care of me,
      I was in prison and you visited me (Mat 25:35-36). 

The people in the sheep-group are surprised and say, “When did we ever do that?” And Jesus will reply, “Whatever you did for my brothers and sisters, you did for me.” 

Then Jesus will turn to the goat-group and say, “No reward for you. Depart from me forever. Because when I was hungry, thirsty, a stranger, naked, or sick, you didn’t help me.” 

And these people will say, “What? We never saw you in need.” And Jesus will reply, “But you saw my brothers and sisters in need, and didn’t help them.” 

This story raises the question, “Does Jesus teach that we are saved by what we do instead of what we believe?” It’s a good question because in the story, the sheep and goats are judged by their actions, not by what they say they believe.  

When Jesus taught on earth, he never provided a checklist of what we have to believe to be saved. After he rose from the grave and went back to heaven, lots of people over the centuries created lists on Jesus’ behalf. They wanted a clear statement of exactly what to believe. You might be familiar with some of these lists. The earliest ones like the Apostles’ Creed, stick mostly to story. Later ones like some Protestant Reformation statements include complex deductions from scripture, such as substitutionary atonement and justification by faith. 

When Jesus was on earth, his approach to belief was not to give people a list of statements to agree with. Instead, he invited people to trust him, to believe him. The woman who touched his garment, Zaccheus up in the tree, the blind man shouting, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me”, Nicodemus pondering about how to be “born again” — they were not signing up for a Bible 101 course about what to believe. They bypassed even the disciples and made  their appeal directly to Jesus, inviting him into the story of their lives.

I think Jesus’ story about sheep and goats affirms the option of a story-based approach to God, instead of a rational approach that says faith must begin with intellectual assent to a list of propositions. Like the people who listened to Jesus’ stories on earth, we too can approach Jesus directly. We can invite him into our story by asking him to help us. We can participate in his story by helping the poor and the hungry and the naked.

Let’s pray. 

Jesus, we say we believe in you, and we have signed onto the best list we can find of Bible-based propositions.

But we are often in the goat-camp, looking for you only in the pages of scripture, and ignoring you in the crowded turmoil of life. Help us find to you in the poor and the hungry and the naked. O Jesus, take these narrow and selfish stories we live, and make them part of your grand story. 

Amen. 

I’m Daniel on the channel “Pray with Me”. 

Ep.177: Psalm 78: Learning from Others’ Mistakes.

Hello, I’m Daniel Westfall on the channel “Pray with Me”.

Today we look at Psalm 78, the second longest psalm in the Bible. It is one of four historical psalms which teach lessons from Israel’s history. 

The poet explains that we should teach these lessons to our children: 

     So they will put their trust in God
        and not forget his deeds
        but keep his commands.
    Then they won’t be like their ancestors –
        a stubborn and rebellious generation,
    whose hearts were not loyal to God (vv. 7 – 9).

Yes, we want our children to learn their lessons from the history books, instead of the bitter trials of life where we learned them. May your children be so wise.

Psalm 78 covers three periods of history. 

The first period is when the children of Israel wandered in the desert for 40 years. This was a wonderful time in their history: God leading them with a cloud by day and fire by night, feeding them with manna and meat, making water flow from solid rock. Even though the Israelites had recently escaped slavery in Egypt, they brought their slavish attitudes into the desert, complaining of life’s burdens, complaining of hunger and thirst, complaining that God mistreated and oppressed them. They accused God of being as bad as the Egyptian slave owners. The poet says,
  In spite of all God’s wonders, they did not believe (v. 32b).
  How often they rebelled against him in the wilderness
      and grieved him in the wasteland (v. 40). 

After that wilderness history lesson, the psalm flashes back  to the plagues God sent on Egypt, showing his power and love as he transferred ownership of the slaves from Pharaoh to himself. As their new owner. God gave the slaves many reasons to rejoice and to believe that he was powerful and loving. But they just kept complaining.

The psalm presents a third period of history, when the Israelites settled in the Promised Land. The poet says,
    Once again they were disloyal and faithless,
      and unreliable like a faulty bow.
    They angered God with their high places
      and aroused his jealousy with their idols (vv. 57-58).
The poet highlights a shocking story when the ark of the covenant, that special sign of God’s presence, was captured in war and desecrated by enemies, because God was angry at his people for their unfaithfulness. 

The poet’s history lesson concludes on a happy note. Despite Israel’s stubborn, rebellious, and uncomprehending ways, God didn’t abandon them. Instead, he sent the good king David to be a kindly shepherd, leading the people to a time of peace and plenty. 

Let’s pray. 

Our father, we are like the Israelites. You have delivered us from our slavery to sin and made us your children. But we cling to our old habits. Habits of unbelief, habits of complaining and gossiping. We hide behind a victim mentality, blaming you and others for the fault lines in our lives. We hoped that the freedom you offered us would let us easily conquer sin, would free us from trouble and conflict, would let us live in prosperity and ease. But life continues to be difficult, even with you as savior and teacher. Have we simply exchanged the slavemaster of sin for a slavemaster of salvation? 

Our father, today we take this psalm to heart. With the poet, we believe that your goodness in history proves that you are not just another slavemaster. You are the God of freedom, of love, of faithfulness, of hope. Change our desires, change our hearts until we grow beyond our slave mentality into the freedom of your sons and daughters, O God.

Amen

I’m Daniel on the channel “Pray with Me”.

Ep.176: Gun Toting Tenants.

Hello, I’m Daniel Westfall on the channel “Pray With Me”.

In Matthew 21, the religious leaders questioned where Jesus got his authority to teach about God, so Jesus told them this story.

After renting his vineyard to sharecroppers, a landowner went away for a long time. At harvest, he sent servants to collect the rent. But the tenants beat one servant, killed another, and stoned a third. 

Finally the landowner said, “I will send my son, whom I love. Perhaps they will respect him.” But when the son showed up, the renters said, “This man is heir to the vineyard. If we get rid of him, we’ll be the owners.” So they killed the son. 

Jesus asked, “What will the owner do when he returns?” 

The listeners replied, “He will bring those wretches to a wretched end and rent the vineyard to others who will pay the rent.” 

“Exactly,” replied Jesus. “In the same way, the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to others who will produce its fruit.” 

Here are three observations: 

  1. First, Jesus borrowed Isaiah’s picture of the nation of Israel as God’s vineyard. Isaiah predicted that God would destroy his vineyard when it didn’t produce fruit. Jesus states a similar conclusion: God will evict the troublesome tenants from his property and install cooperative renters in their place. Many interpreters think the Christian church has replaced Israel as God’s vineyard, but when I look at two thousand years of church history, we have a sketchy record of producing fruit for the owner.
  1. Second, it was silly of the landowner to think that the renters might respect his son, and it was silly of the renters to think that killing the son would make the vineyard theirs. Perhaps they thought the owner wouldn’t return and claim his rights. Jesus’ story reminds us that God’s prophets were ignored, mistreated, or killed by Israel. And then God sent Jesus, the rightful heir and the son he loved. But Jesus said he expected the same treatment as the prophets.

    The religious leaders had a big problem: how to know if Jesus was really God’s son, the true heir and rightful overseer of their religion. They expected God’s messenger would respect their interpretation of the Bible, and would approve of their high moral standards. 

    Today, the church has a similar problem: how to know what branch of Christianity is the true vineyard, and which branches are just obstinate tenants farming Bible interpretation and systems of church and theology for themselves instead of God.
  1. Third, the story asks a personal question: have I produced fruit in God’s vineyard? I say I believe Jesus is the son and heir, but does my life produce a harvest of peace and love?

Let’s pray. 

Jesus, how can the modern church produce a harvest for God? We are much like the Pharisees in your story. We too have a rigidly defined theology, a clear set of expectations for moral behaviour, and a system of religious observance that proves we are right and others are wrong. 

Jesus, son and heir, beloved of God, open our eyes to who you are, open our hearts to your message of repentance and change. Teach us to work for you and with you, in God’s vineyard, producing fruit for him, and not for ourselves.

Amen. 

I’m Daniel on the channel “Pray with Me”. 

Ep.175: Psalm 77: Memories.

Hello. I’m Daniel Westfall on the channel “Pray with Me”. 

Do you ever have sleepless nights, lying awake and worrying about everything that’s going wrong? In Psalm 77, the poet recounts his sleepless night, full of worry and distress and desperate cries to God for help. 

He tells us three things he remembered that night. 

First, he says, “I remembered you, God, and I groaned.” No comfort there! He complains to God,
    You kept me from falling asleep,
      I was too troubled to speak (v. 3). 

Thinking about God only increased the poet’s discomfort and distress. Was God present and helpful in his sleepless night? No. Did God sooth his anxiety and send him sleep? No. It seemed to the poet that God was part of the problem, not part of the solution. All the poet could do was lie in bed and groan.

The second thing the poet remembers is when he used to sing songs in the night (v. 6). Night was not always a terror to him. He remembers a singing God’s praises at night. Back then, God was near, he warmed the poet’s heart and lifted his spirits. But that’s not happening any more. Instead of finding comfort in those happy memories, the poet uses them as fuel for despair, asking:
    Will the Lord now reject for ever?
        Will he never show his favour again?
      Has his unfailing love vanished completely?
        Has his promise failed for all time? (vv. 7-8).

Like the poet, how we use good memories is a choice. We can use them to praise the “good old days” and to complain that it’s not so good today. We can remember amazing answers to prayer, and resent God’s silence and absence today.  We can remember loving fellowship with God, and become bitter that he ignores us now. 

The poet soon tires of asking unanswerable questions about where God disappeared to, and he moves on to the third thing he remembers. He says,
    Then I thought, “To this I will appeal:
      the years when the Most High stretched out his right hand.
    I will remember the deeds of the Lord;
      yes, I will remember his miracles of long ago.” 

Then he recounts how God freed Israel from Egypt, how he parted the Red Sea to save them from Pharaoh’s army, and how he gave them the ten commandments at Mt. Sinai with powerful signs of thunder and lightning.  

Let’s pray. 

Our father, we often use our memories in the same way the poet used his. 

Sometimes when we lie sleepless at night, we groan when we wonder why you don’t do more about evil. Why are our lives so anxious. Why our health fails. Why those we love are in danger.

Sometimes even the memory of past joys feeds present despair. We remember when we loved to pray, when newfound faith filled us with joy, when hope lifted us out of depression, when we fell in love with you. But where are you now, God? The night is dark, and you do not light it up. It is filled with oppressive silence, and you do not speak. Have you forgotten that you love us? Have you rejected us forever? 

And finally, with the poet, we choose a different way of responding to our memories. We choose to use them as building blocks of hope. We remember the dry summers when you sent rain, and we trust you will do that again. We remember the gladness we had in hearing your word, and we trust you will speak to us again. We remember your power helping us conquer sin and sickness, and we trust you to bring us through this long night of despair. 

With the poet we remember that:
    You led your people like a flock,
      by the hand of Moses and Aaron (v. 20). 

Yes, God, you are a shepherd. We are the flock. Be our shepherd in the long dark nights of our lives.

Amen.

I’m Daniel on the channel “Pray with Me”.

Ep.174: What to Do When the King Goes Away.

Hello, I’m Daniel Westfall on the channel “Pray With Me”.

Jesus told this story in Luke 19: 

A nobleman went away to have himself appointed king. Some of his subjects who hated him sent a delegation saying, “Please don’t make him king!” Before he left, the nobleman gave ten servants one mina each (perhaps $30,000 in today’s money), and told them to put it to work while he was away.

When he received his promotion and came back as king, he asked the servants to report how they’d used his money. The first had turned one mina into ten; the next turned his mina into five. The king praised them for being faithful and made them rulers in his kingdom.

A third servant reported, “I was afraid of you, because you are a hard master. You take out what you did not put in and you reap what you did not sow. So I stored your mina under my mattress, and here it is safe and sound!” 

The master replied, “If you knew I’m like that you should at least have put the money in a bank account to earn interest. Give this servant’s mina to the one who has ten.” 

Then he said, “By the way, all those people who didn’t want me to be king–execute them right now.” 

I think the point of this story is that the servants had to make a difficult choice in a dangerous political situation. If their master became king, they sure wanted to be on his side; but if his opposition successfully blocked his appointment, it would be better to side with them. What to do?

Clearly, the best option was to lie low and see who wins. If the servants openly traded their money in the nobleman’s name, it would be obvious to the haters and complainers whose side they were on. Safer to stick the money under a mattress until the political dust settles. 

So the master’s invitation was not simply to engage in trade and make money; it was an invitation to trust him rather than his opposition, to work openly on his behalf in an uncertain political and economic climate, to cast their lot with him when he was hated and absent. 

When the nobleman returned as king, he did not praise the servants for being successful and making lots of money. He praised them for being faithful, for being true to him when he was away, for declaring their loyalty to him through the political and economic storm. 

Let’s pray. 

Jesus, it’s been a long time since you left to get yourself appointed king. In your absence, the world has been wracked with political and economic chaos, with religious wars, with rulers who would crucify you again if they could. We don’t see much evidence that your petition to become king has been granted. Perhaps we should play it safe, hide our allegiance to you, appear more accommodating to those who hate you.

But you are our Lord. Thank you for trusting us in your absence. We renew our allegiance to you alone, we support your cause, we trade openly in your name. 
    Though we have not seen you,
      we love you,
    And though we do not see you now,
      we believe in you,
      and are filled with joy inexpressible and full of glory
       for we are receiving the goal of our faith,
      the salvation of our souls (1 Peter 1:8-9).

In your absence, Jesus, we feel your presence within us. In your silence, we have heard your voice in our hearts. In your slowness to return, we have felt the gathering storm of your purpose. Grant us patience to wait and work.

And come quickly, Lord Jesus, to declare yourself openly as king.       

Amen. 

I’m Daniel on the channel “Pray with Me”. 

Note: For this interpretation of the parable see Bailey, Kenneth E. The Presbyterian Outlook (April 2001). Online at https://pres-outlook.org/2001/04/capitalism-and-the-parable-of-the-talents/